Objective: To measure the concentration of cytokines in the aqueous humour of eyes with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Methods: The clinical interventional study included a study group of 18 patients with exudative AMD and a control group of 20 patients undergoing routine cataract surgery. Age did not vary significantly (P=0.36) between study group (80.8±6.4 years) and control group (77.0±9.9 years), nor did gender (P=0.75). During the interventions, aqueous humour samples were obtained, in which the concentration of cytokines was measured using a solid-phase chemiluminescence immunoassay. Macular thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Results: In the study group as compared to the control group, significantly higher concentrations were measured for epithelial growth factor (EGF) (P=0.017), human growth factor (HGF) (P=0.048), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) (P=0.028), interleukin IL12p40 (IL IL12p40) (P=0.009), interleukin 1a2 (IL1a2 ) (P=0.01), interleukin 3 (IL3) (P=0.02), interleukin 6 (IL6) (P=0.006), interleukin 8 (IL8) (P=0.02), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) (P=0.048), monokine induced by interferon gamma (MIG) (P=0.016), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) (P=0.004) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1) (P=0.006). Macular thickness was significantly associated with the concentrations of EGF, HGF, ICAM1, interleukin 12p40, 1a2, MIG, MMP9 and PAI1. Interleukion 6 and MCP-1 showed significant associations with the height of retinal pigment epithelium detachment.
Conclusions: Numerous cytokines are associated with the presence and the amount of exudative AMD.
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